Knee replacement surgery involves the removal of damaged cartilage and bone from the surface of the knee joint and replacing them with a metal and plastic implant. The goal is to alleviate pain, restore function, and improve the overall quality of life for the patient. This surgery is typically recommended for patients suffering from severe osteoarthritis or other debilitating knee conditions that significantly impact their quality of life and mobility.

1. Total Knee Replacement (TKR):
   • This is the most common type of knee replacement surgery.
   • It involves replacing all three components of the knee: the femur (thigh bone), tibia (shin bone), and patella (knee cap).
   • TKR is often recommended for patients with severe arthritis or extensive knee damage.
2. Partial Knee Replacement (PKR):
   • Also known as unicompartmental knee replacement.
   • It involves replacing only the damaged compartment of the knee, preserving the healthy bone and cartilage.
   • PKR is suitable for patients with damage limited to one part of the knee.
3. Revision Knee Replacement:
   • This procedure is performed to replace a previously implanted artificial knee joint that has failed or worn out.
   • It is more complex than the initial knee replacement surgery.

Knee replacement surgery is typically recommended for individuals who:

• Have severe knee pain or stiffness that limits daily activities, including walking, climbing stairs, and getting in and out of chairs.
• Experience moderate to severe knee pain at rest, both during the day and at night.
• Have chronic knee inflammation and swelling that doesn't improve with rest or medications.
• Do not get relief from other treatments like anti-inflammatory medications, cortisone injections, physical therapy, or other surgeries.

1. Preparation:
   • Preoperative evaluations include a thorough medical history, physical examination, blood tests, and imaging studies (X-rays, MRI).
   • Patients are often advised to lose weight if necessary, stop smoking, and engage in preoperative physical therapy to strengthen the muscles around the knee.
2. Surgery:
   • The procedure typically lasts between one and two hours.
   • The surgeon makes an incision over the knee, moves the kneecap aside, and cuts away the damaged joint surfaces.
   • The artificial components are then attached to the femur, tibia, and patella using specialized cement or other materials.
   • The surgeon checks the alignment and movement of the new joint before closing the incision with sutures or staples.
3. Postoperative Care:
   • Patients are usually required to stay in the hospital for a few days after surgery.
   • Pain management is achieved through medications.
   • Physical therapy begins shortly after surgery to help regain movement and strength in the knee.

• Initial Recovery:
  • Involves managing pain and swelling, beginning physical therapy, and learning to walk with assistive devices like crutches or a walker.
  • Most patients can resume normal daily activities within 3-6 weeks post-surgery.
• Rehabilitation is key to a successful knee replacement:

1. First 6 Weeks: Focuses on reducing swelling, pain control, and regaining mobility with assisted walking.

2. 6-12 Weeks: Strengthening exercises for quadriceps and hamstrings, gradual increase in activities.

3. 3-6 Months: Resuming most normal activities, including light exercises like swimming and cycling.

4. Long-Term Care: Continue with a personalized exercise plan and regular follow-up visits to ensure the prosthesis is functioning well.

• Significant pain relief.
• Improved mobility and knee function.
• Enhanced quality of life.
• Long-lasting results with most implants lasting 15-20 years or longer.

The Swasthya Saarthi Orthopaedics Centre of Excellence distinguishes itself in knee care through its comprehensive, patient-centric approach, seamlessly integrating cutting-edge technology with expert medical practices. Our team of highly skilled orthopedic specialists and surgeons in Delhi NCR bring extensive experience and innovative techniques to knee treatments, ensuring personalized care for each patient’s unique needs. Partner facilities are equipped with state-of-the-art diagnostic and surgical tools, excelling in minimally invasive procedures that enhance recovery times and reduce post-operative complications. Additionally, we offer holistic rehabilitation programs that combine physical therapy, patient education, and continuous monitoring, promoting optimal recovery and long-term joint health.

Q1. How long does a knee replacement last?

A modern knee replacement can last 15-20 years or more. However, the longevity of an implant depends on factors such as the patient’s activity level, weight, and overall health.

Q2. Can I kneel or squat after knee replacement?

While these activities are often possible, they may feel uncomfortable. Consult your surgeon about specific limitations.

Q3. When can I return to work after surgery?

It depends on the type of work and your recovery. Office workers may return in 4-6 weeks, while manual laborers may need 3 months or longer.

Q4. What activities should I avoid after knee replacement?

High-impact sports like running, basketball, or heavy lifting are generally discouraged to prolong the life of the prosthesis. Also, sitting cross legged should also be avoided in some cases.

Q5. What is a knee implant?

A knee implant is an artificial joint that replaces the damaged or diseased parts of the knee during knee replacement surgery. It is typically made of metal alloys, ceramics, and durable plastic components.

Q6. How should I care for my knee implant post-surgery?

Caring for a knee implant involves:

• Regular Exercise: To maintain strength and flexibility.

• Weight Management: Avoiding excessive weight gain to reduce stress on the implant.

• Routine Check-ups: Regular visits to the surgeon to monitor the implant’s condition.

Q7. How do I choose the right knee implant for me?

The choice of implant depends on several factors, including:

• Age and Activity Level: Younger, more active patients may benefit from more durable or advanced designs.

• Bone Quality: Bone density can influence the type of fixation method used (cemented vs. cementless).

• Anatomy: Specific implants are designed to accommodate anatomical differences.

Your surgeon will evaluate these factors and recommend the most suitable implant.

Q8. Can a knee implant be replaced if it wears out?

Yes, if a knee implant wears out or fails, a revision knee replacement can be performed. This is a more complex surgery where the old implant is removed and replaced with a new one.